Neutralization of EG.5, EG.5.1, BA.2.86, and JN.1 by antisera from dimeric receptor-binding domain subunit vaccines and 41 human monoclonal antibodies.

BACKGROUND: The recently circulating Omicron variants BA.2.86 and JN.1 were identified with more than 30 amino acid changes on the spike protein compared to BA.2 or XBB.1.5. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the immune escape potential of BA.2.86, JN.1, EG.5, and EG.5.1. METHODS: We collected human and murine sera to evaluate serological neutralization activities. The participants received three doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines or a booster dose of the ZF2022-A vaccine (Delta-BA.5 receptor-binding domain [RBD]-heterodimer immunogen) or experienced a breakthrough infection (BTI). The ZF2202-A vaccine is under clinical trial study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05850507). BALB/c mice were vaccinated with a panel of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RBD-dimer proteins. The antibody evasion properties of these variants were analyzed with 41 representative human monoclonal antibodies targeting the eight RBD epitopes. FINDINGS: We found that BA.2.86 had less neutralization evasion than EG.5 and EG.5.1 in humans. The ZF2202-A booster induced significantly higher neutralizing titers than BTI. Furthermore, BA.2.86 and JN.1 exhibited stronger antibody evasion than EG.5 and EG.5.1 on RBD-4 and RBD-5 epitopes. Compared to BA.2.86, JN.1 further lost the ability to bind to several RBD-1 monoclonal antibodies and displayed further immune escape. CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed that the currently dominating sub-variant, JN.1, showed increased immune evasion compared to BA.2.86 and EG.5.1, which is highly concerning. This study provides a timely risk assessment of the interested sub-variants and the basis for updating COVID-19 vaccines. FUNDING: This work was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Beijing Life Science Academy, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (CPSF).

Dual-polarization RF channelizer based on microcombs.

We report a dual-polarization radio frequency (RF) channelizer based on microcombs. Two high-Q micro-ring resonators (MRRs) with slightly different free spectral ranges (FSRs) are used: one MRR is pumped to yield soliton crystal microcombs ("active"), and the other MRR is used as a "passive" periodic optical filter supporting dual-polarization operation to slice the RF spectrum. With the tailored mismatch between the FSRs of the active and passive MRRs, wideband RF spectra can be channelized into multiple segments featuring digital-compatible bandwidths via the Vernier effect. Due to the use of dual-polarization states, the number of channelized spectral segments, and thus the RF instantaneous bandwidth (with a certain spectral resolution), can be doubled. In our experiments, we used 20 microcomb lines with ∼ 49 GHz FSR to achieve 20 channels for each polarization, with high RF spectra slicing resolutions at 144 MHz (TE) and 163 MHz (TM), respectively; achieving an instantaneous RF operation bandwidth of 3.1 GHz (TE) and 2.2 GHz (TM). Our approach paves the path towards monolithically integrated photonic RF receivers (the key components - active and passive MRRs are all fabricated on the same platform) with reduced complexity, size, and unprecedented performance, which is important for wide RF applications with digital-compatible signal detection.

Virtual-State Model for Analyzing Electro-Optical Modulation in Ring Resonators.

Ring resonators play a crucial role in optical communication and quantum technology applications. However, these devices lack a simple and intuitive theoretical model to describe their electro-optical modulation. When the resonance frequency is rapidly modulated, the filtering and modulation within a ring resonator become physically intertwined, making it difficult to analyze the complex physical processes involved. We address this by proposing an analytical solution for electro-optic ring modulators based on the concept of a "virtual state." This approach equates a lightwave passing through a dynamic ring modulator to one excited to a virtual state by a cumulative phase and then returning to the real state after exiting the static ring. Our model simplifies the independent analysis of the intertwined physical processes, enhancing its versatility in analyzing various incident signals and modulation formats. Experimental results, including resonant and detuning modulation, align with the numerical simulation of our model. Notably, our findings indicate that the dynamic modulation of the ring resonator under detuning driving approximates phase modulation.

An Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Chitosan-Graphene Nanosheets for Aflatoxin B1 Detection in Corn.

We reported a highly efficient electrochemical immunosensor utilizing chitosan-graphene nanosheets (CS-GNs) nanocomposites for the detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in corn samples. The CS-GNs nanocomposites, serving as a modifying layer, provide a significant specific surface area and biocompatibility, thereby enhancing both the electron transfer rate and the efficiency of antibody immobilization. The electrochemical characterization was conducted utilizing both differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Moreover, the antibody concentration, pH, antibody immobilization time, and immunoreaction time, were optimized. The results showed that the current change (ΔI) before and after the immunoreaction demonstrated a strong linear relationship (R2=0.990) with the AFB1 concentration, as well as good specificity and stability. The linear range extended from 0.05 to 25 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 0.021 ng/mL (S/N=3). The immunosensor exhibited a recovery rate ranging from 97.3% to 101.4% in corn samples, showing a promising performance using an efficient method, and indicating a remarkable prospect for the detection of fungal toxins in grains.

New Approach for Preparation of Porous Polymers with Reversible Pore Structures for a Highly Safe Smart Supercapacitor.

Porous polymers have many industrial applications, but their pore structures (open or closed) are usually fixed during polymerization. In this study, polymers with reversible and controllable pore structures, namely, thermosensitive porous hydrogels with regulated volume phase transition temperature, were prepared using a Pickering high-internal-phase emulsion as the template. Upon heating, the hydrogels transformed not only in their wettability (between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity with water contact angles of 21.8 and 100.9°) but also their pore structure (between open through-holes and closed holes with pore throat sizes of 15.58 and 0 µm, respectively) in a short time (<10 s). When the hydrogel was used as a separator in smart supercapacitors (SCs), this behavior effectively limited the path of electrolyte migration, reducing the chance of conflagration accidents. Moreover, by utilizing the highly reversible pore structures and wettability of the porous hydrogel, reversible charging and discharging were restored after the system cooled down. This work not only provides great guidance for preparing porous polymers with reversible pore structures but also paves the way for designing smart SCs with enhanced safety.

Application of machine learning in the preoperative radiomic diagnosis of ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocyst based on cone-beam CT.

OBJECTIVES: Preoperative diagnosis of oral ameloblastoma (AME) and odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) has been a challenge in dentistry. This study uses radiomics approaches and machine learning (ML) algorithms to characterize cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image features for the preoperative differential diagnosis of AME and OKC and compares ML algorithms to expert radiologists to validate performance. METHODS: We retrospectively collected the data of 326 patients with AME and OKC, where all diagnoses were confirmed by histopathologic tests. A total of 348 features were selected to train six ML models for differential diagnosis by a five-fold cross-validation. We then compared the performance of ML-based diagnoses to those of radiologists. RESULTS: Among the six ML models, XGBoost was effective in distinguishing AME and OKC in CBCT images, with its classification performance outperforming the other models. The mean precision, recall, accuracy, F1-score, and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.900, 0.807, 0.843, 0.841, and 0.872, respectively. Compared to the diagnostics by radiologists, ML-based radiomic diagnostics performed better. CONCLUSIONS: Radiomic-based ML algorithms allow CBCT images of AME and OKC to be distinguished accurately, facilitating the preoperative differential diagnosis of AME and OKC. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: ML and radiomic approaches with high-resolution CBCT images provide new insights into the differential diagnosis of AME and OKC.

Electrochemical sensing platform for detection of heavy metal ions without electrochemical signal.

Heavy metal pollution has attracted global attention because of its high toxicity, non-biodegradability, and carcinogenicity. Electrochemical sensors are extensively employed for the detection of low concentrations of heavy metal ions (HMIs). However, their applicability is often limited to the detection of ions that exhibit electrochemical signals exclusively in aqueous solutions. In this study, we proposed a multi-responsive detection platform based on the modification of horseradish peroxidase@zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8/thionine/gold/ionic liquid-reduced graphene oxide (HRP@ZIF-8/THI/Au/IL-rGO). This platform demonstrated its capability to detect various metal ions, including those without conventional electrochemical signals. The Au/IL-rGO composite structure enhanced the specific surface area available for the reaction. Furthermore, the in situ growth of HRP@ZIF-8 not only shielded the THI signal prior to detection but also protected the electrode material. It was important to note that the introduced edetate disodium dihydrate (EDTA) had the ability to complex with various HMIs. When excess EDTA was present, it could cleave ZIF-8 and release HRP. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), HRP promoted the oxidation of THI previously reduced by the electrode and thus showed excellent sensitivity for HMIs detection. The proposed method overcame the limitation of traditional electrochemical sensors, which solely relied on electrochemical signals for detecting metal ions. This offers a novel approach to enhance electrochemical ion sensing detection.

Comparative study of reactive oxygen species and tetracycline degradation pathways in catalytic peroxodisulfate activation by asymmetric mesoporous TiO2 and the corresponding controlled-release materials.

The removal of trace amounts of antibiotics from water environments while simultaneously avoiding potential environmental hazards during the treatment is still a challenge. In this work, green, harmless, and novel asymmetric mesoporous TiO2 (A-mTiO2) was combined with peroxodisulfate (PDS) as active components in a controlled-release material (CRM) system for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) in the dark. The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the degradation pathways of TC during catalytic PDS activation by A-mTiO2 powder catalysts and the CRMs were thoroughly studied. Due to its asymmetric mesoporous structure, there were abundant Ti3+/Ti4+ couples and oxygen vacancies in A-mTiO2, resulting in excellent activity in the activation of PDS for TC degradation, with a mineralization rate of 78.6%. In CRMs, ROS could first form during PDS activation by A-mTiO2 and subsequently dissolve from the CRMs to degrade TC in groundwater. Due to the excellent performance and good stability of A-mTiO2, the resulting constructed CRMs could effectively degrade TC in simulated groundwater over a long period (more than 20 days). From electron paramagnetic resonance analysis and TC degradation experiments, it was interesting to find that the ROS formed during PDS activation by A-mTiO2 powder catalysts and CRMs were different, but the degradation pathways for TC were indeed similar in the two systems. In PDS activation by A-mTiO2, besides the free hydroxyl radical (·OH), singlet oxygen (1O2) worked as a major ROS participating in TC degradation. For CRMs, the immobilization of A-mTiO2 inside CRMs made it difficult to capture superoxide radicals (·O2-), and continuously generate 1O2. In addition, the formation of sulfate radicals (·SO4-), and ·OH during the release process of CRMs was consistent with PDS activation by the A-mTiO2 powder catalyst. The eco-friendly CRMs had a promising potential for practical application in the remediation of organic pollutants from groundwater.

Intracavity spatially modulated metasurfaces for a wavelength-tunable figure-9 vortex fiber laser.

Intracavity optical metasurfaces with compact and flexible light manipulation capabilities, effectively enrich the implementation of miniaturized and user-friendly orbital angular momentum (OAM) laser sources. Here we demonstrate a wavelength-tunable figure-9 Yb-doped vortex fiber laser solely with standard non-polarization-maintaining single-mode fibers, which utilizes a gap-surface plasmon (GSP) metasurface as the intracavity mode regulation component to generate OAM beams, extending the avenues and related applications for cost-effective OAM laser sources. Gained by the broadband operation range of the metasurface, the figure-9 fiber laser could emit OAM light with center wavelength tunable from 1020 nm to 1060 nm and of high mode purity (about 90%). OAM beams with different topological charges such as l = ±1 have been obtained by changing the metasurface design. The proposed fiber laser with the intracavity GSP metasurface provides a reliable and customized output of OAM beams at the laser source, holding great promise for a wide range of applications in optical communications, sensing, and super-resolution imaging.

Generation of 583 fs optical pulses at 10†GHz from a regeneratively mode-locked fiber laser combining nonlinear polarization evolution.

A regeneratively mode-locked erbium fiber laser was numerically investigated and experimentally demonstrated, which was able to generate a 583 fs pulse train at 10 GHz via intracavity pulse compression with nonlinear polarization evolution (NPE). To excite the NPE at such a high repetition rate, a dispersion map was intentionally introduced to obtain short pulses accompanied by high peaks through soliton-like pulse shaping. Numerical simulations indicated that steady-state oscillation with pulses below 1 ps can be successfully established using this laser configuration. Experimentally, we obtained a pulse duration of 583 fs and a 3 dB spectral width of 4.5 nm at an average output power of 15.6 mW. Simultaneously, supermode suppression of more than 80 dB was also obtained from the appropriate biased NPE.

The chromosome-scale genome of wild Brassica oleracea provides insights into the domestication of Brassica plants.

The cultivated diploid Brassica oleracea is an important vegetable crop, but the genetic basis of domestication remains largely unclear without high-quality reference genomes of wild B. oleracea. Here, we report the first chromosome-level assembly of the wild Brassica oleracea L. W03 genome, (total genome size, 630.7 Mb; scaffold N50, 64.6 Mb). Using newly assembled W03 genome, we constructed a gene-based B. oleracea pangenome and identified 29,744 core genes, 23,306 dispensable genes, and 1,896 private genes. We resequenced 53 accessions, which represent six potential wild B. oleracea progenitor species. The results of the population genomic analysis showed that wild B. oleracea population had the highest level of diversity and represented the more closely related population of horticultural B. oleracea. Additionally, the WUSCHEL gene was found to play a decisive role in domestication and to be involved in cauliflower and broccoli curd formation. We also illustrate the loss of disease resistance genes during domestication selection. Our results provide deep insights into B. oleracea domestication and will facilitate Brassica crop genetic improvement.

Improvement of electrothermal and photothermal properties of ultra-thin graphite film on oxygen plasma-treated polyimide substrate.

Graphene and its derivatives are widely used in the field of energy conversion and management due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. In this paper, ultra-thin graphite film (GF) with thickness of 100-150 nm prepared by chemical vapor deposition was transferred to oxygen plasma-treated polyimide (PI) substrate as flexible heating film. The electrothermal and photothermal properties of GF on PI substrates with different treatment time were studied. The experimental results show that the PI substrate pretreated by oxygen plasma can change the surface morphology of GF, increase its electrical conductivity and light absorption capacity, and significantly improve the electrothermal and photothermal properties of GF heater. Under the low applied voltage of 5 V (power density of 0.81 W cm-2), the surface temperature of GF on 40 min plasma-treated PI substrate can rise to 250 °C, which is nearly 50 °C higher than that of GF on untreated PI substrate. When 100 nm thick commercial multilayer graphene film (MLG) is used, plasma-treated PI substrate can increase the electric heating temperature of MLG by 70 °C. In terms of photothermal performance, the surface temperature of GF on 50 min plasma-treated PI substrate can reach 73 °C under one Sun irradiation, which is 8 °C higher than that on untreated substrate. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation research. Our strategy has important implications for the development of efficient and energy-saving graphene/graphite-based heating films for advanced electrothermal and photothermal conversion devices.

Proteomics revealed composition- and size-related regulators for hepatic impairments induced by silica nanoparticles.

Along with the growing production and application of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), increased human exposure and ensuing safety evaluation have progressively attracted concern. Accumulative data evidenced the hepatic injuries upon SiNPs inhalation. Still, the understanding of the hepatic outcomes resulting from SiNPs exposure, and underlying mechanisms are incompletely elucidated. Here, SiNPs of two sizes (60 nm and 300 nm) were applied to investigate their composition- and size-related impacts on livers of ApoE-/- mice via intratracheal instillation. Histopathological and biochemical analysis indicated SiNPs promoted inflammation, lipid deposition and fibrosis in the hepatic tissue, accompanied by increased ALT, AST, TC and TG. Oxidative stress was activated upon SiNPs stimuli, as evidenced by the increased hepatic ROS, MDA and declined GSH/GSSG. Of note, these alterations were more dramatic in SiNPs with a smaller size (SiNPs-60) but the same dosage. LC-MS/MS-based quantitative proteomics unveiled changes in mice liver protein profiles, and filtered out particle composition- or size-related molecules. Interestingly, altered lipid metabolism and oxidative damage served as two critical biological processes. In accordance with correlation analysis and liver disease-targeting prediction, a final of 10 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were selected as key potential targets attributable to composition- (4 molecules) and size-related (6 molecules) liver impairments upon SiNPs stimuli. Overall, our study provided strong laboratory evidence for a comprehensive understanding of the harmful biological effects of SiNPs, which was crucial for toxicological evaluation to ensure nanosafety.

Genetically engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for enhanced oral delivery vaccine vehicle.

As a series of our previous studies reported, recombinant yeast can be the oral vaccines to deliver designed protein and DNA, as well as functional shRNA, into dendritic cells (DCs) in mice for specific immune regulation. Here, we report the further optimization of oral yeast-based vaccine from two aspects (yeast characteristics and recombinant DNA constitution) to improve the effect of immune regulation. After screening four genes in negative regulation of glucan synthesis in yeast (MNN9, GUP1, PBS2 and EXG1), this research combined HDR-based genome editing technology with Cre-loxP technology to acquire 15 gene-knockout strains without drug resistance-gene to exclude biosafety risks; afterward, oral feeding experiments were performed on the mice using 15 oral recombinant yeast-based vaccines constructed by the gene-knockout strains harboring pCMV-MSTN plasmid to screen the target strain with more effective inducing mstn-specific antibody which in turn increasing weight gain effect. And subsequently based on the selected gene-knockout strain, the recombinant DNA in the oral recombinant yeast-based vaccine is optimized via a combination of protein fusion expression (OVA-MSTN) and interfering RNA technology (shRNA-IL21), comparison in terms of both weight gain effect and antibody titer revealed that the selected gene-knockout strain (GUP1ΔEXG1Δ) combined with specific recombinant DNA (pCMV-OVA-MSTN-shIL2) had a better effect of the vaccine. This study provides a useful reference to the subsequent construction of a more efficient oral recombinant yeast-based vaccine in the food and pharmaceutical industry.

Synthetic Peptides with Genetic-Codon-Tailored Affinity for Assembling Tetraspanin CD81 at Cell Interfaces and Inhibiting Cancer Metastasis.

Probing biomolecular interactions at cellular interfaces is crucial for understanding and interfering with life processes. Although affinity binders with site specificity for membrane proteins are unparalleled molecular tools, a high demand remains for novel multi-functional ligands. In this study, a synthetic peptide (APQQ) with tight and specific binding to the untargeted extracellular loop of CD81 evolved from a genetically encoded peptide pool. With tailored affinity, APQQ flexibly accesses, site-specifically binds, and forms a complex with CD81, enabling in-situ tracking of the dynamics and activity of this protein in living cells, which has rarely been explored because of the lack of ligands. Furthermore, APQQ triggers the relocalization of CD81 from diffuse to densely clustered at cell junctions and modulates the interplay of membrane proteins at cellular interfaces. Motivated by these, efficient suppression of cancer cell migration, and inhibition of breast cancer metastasis were achieved in vivo.

A High-Performance System for Weak ECG Real-Time Detection.

Wearable devices have been widely used for the home monitoring of physical activities and healthcare conditions, among which ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) stands out for the diagnostic cardiovascular information it contains. Continuous and unobtrusive sensing often requires the integration of wearable sensors to existing devices such as watches, armband, headphones, etc.; nonetheless, it is difficult to detect high-quality ECG due to the nature of low signal amplitude at these areas. In this paper, a high-performance system with multi-channel signal superposition for weak ECG real-time detection is proposed. Firstly, theoretical analysis and simulation is performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this system design. The detection system, including electrode array, acquisition board, and the application (APP), is then developed and the electrical characteristics are measured. A common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of up to 100 dB and input inferred voltage noise below 1 µV are realized. Finally, the technique is implemented in form of ear-worn and armband devices, achieving an SNR over 20 dB. Results are also compared with the simultaneous recording of standard lead I ECG. The correlation between the heart rates derived from experimental and standard signals is higher than 0.99, showing the feasibility of the proposed technique.

Nano-Cu Derived from a Copper Nitride Precatalyst for Reductive Coupling of Nitroaromatics to Azo Compounds.

The study of structural reconstruction is vital for the understanding of the real active sites in heterogeneous catalysis and guiding the improved catalyst design. Herein, we applied a copper nitride precatalyst in the nitroarene reductive coupling reaction and made a systematic investigation on the dynamic structural evolution behaviors and catalytic performance. This Cu3N precatalyst undergoes a rapid phase transition to nanostructured Cu with rich defective sites, which act as the actual catalytic sites for the coupling process. The nitride-derived defective Cu is very active and selective for azo formation, with 99.6% conversion of nitrobenzene and 97.1% selectivity to azobenzene obtained under mild reaction conditions. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the defective Cu sites play a role for the preferential adsorption of nitrosobenzene intermediates and significantly lowered the activation energy of the key coupling step. This work not only proposes a highly efficient noble-metal-free catalyst for nitroarenes coupling to valuable azo products but also may inspire more scientific interest in the study of the dynamic evolution of metal nitrides in different catalytic reactions.

Efficient metal-organic framework-based dual co-catalysts system assist CdS for hydrogen production from photolysis of water.

Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) and their derivatives have been widely used in the field of photocatalytic water decomposition for hydrogen production. In this study, NiS/CdS was initially acquired and subsequently combined with DUT-67 via ultrasound to create a unique ternary photocatalyst NiS/CdS@DUT-67. The rate of hydrogen production for NiS/CdS@DUT-67 is 9618 µmol·g NiS/CdS-1·h-1 for NiS/CdS@DUT-67, which is 32 times and 2.5 times higher than that for CdS and NiS/CdS, respectively. Of particular interest is the fact that even after 50 h of photocatalysis, the hydrogen production rate did not show a significant decrease, demonstrating its excellent stability compared to CdS and NiS/CdS. In this ternary system, NiS and DUT-67 function as dual co-catalysts for CdS, collaborating to enhance charge separation during the photocatalysis. This study presents a clear demonstration of the advantages of utilizing metal-organic framework derivatives (MOF-derivatives) cophotocatalysts and their synergistic effect, resulting in improved photocatalytic activity and stability of semiconductors. This innovative approach provides a new perspective on constructing photocatalytic materials with exceptional performance.

Multimetal-Based Metal-Organic Framework System for the Sensitive Detection of Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein in Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay.

In this work, an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) quenching system using multimetal-organic frameworks (MMOFs) was proposed for the sensitive and specific detection of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), a marker of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Bimetallic MOFs containing Ru and Mn as metal centers were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method, yielding RuMn MOFs as the ECL emitter. The RuMn MOFs not only possessed the strong ECL performance of Ru(bpy)32+ but also maintained high porosity and original metal active sites characteristic of MOFs. Moreover, under the synergistic effect of MOFs and Ru(bpy)32+, RuMn MOFs have more efficient and stable ECL emission. The trimetal-based MOF (FePtRh MOF) was used as the ECL quencher because of the electron transfer between FePtRh MOFs and RuMn MOFs. In addition, active intramolecular electron transfer from Pt to Fe or Rh atoms also occurred in FePtRh MOFs, which could promote intermolecular electron transfer and improve electron transfer efficiency to enhance the quenching efficiency. The proposed ECL immunosensor demonstrated a wide dynamic range and a low detection limit of 0.01-100 ng mL-1 and 6.8 pg mL-1, respectively, under optimal conditions. The ECL quenching system also presented good specificity, stability, and reproducibility. Therefore, an alternative method for H-FABP detection in clinical diagnosis was provided by this study, highlighting the potential of MMOFs in advancing ECL technology.

Overexpression of SCN5A overcomes ABC transporter-mediated multidrug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia through promoting apoptosis.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of SCN5A overcoming ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) through promoting apoptosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The tissues derived from AML patients were divided into Sensitive group and Resistance group according to the presence of drug-resistance. Human AML cell line HL-60 and drug-resistant strain HL-60/ADR were divided into HL-60/ADR-vector group, HL-60/ADR-SCN5A group, HL-60-vector group and HL-60-SCN5A group. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression level of SCN5A; MTT assay to assess the survival rate and proliferation level of cells; flow cytometry to determine the apoptosis level; and western blot to check the levels of SCN5A, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), MDR protein 1 (MRP1), MDR gene 1 (MDR1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) proteins in cells. RESULTS: SCN5A expressed lowly in drug-resistant AML tissues and cells. Up-regulation of SCN5A inhibited MDR in HL-60 cells, enhanced the chemosensitivity of HL-60/ADR, and increased the apoptosis levels of HL-60 and HL-60/ADR cells. However, over-expression of SCN5A inhibited the expression of MDR-related proteins. CONCLUSIONS: SCN5A may overcome ABC transporter-mediated MDR in AML through enhancing the apoptosis and inhibiting the expression of MDR proteins.